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1 circum
circum [properly acc. from circus = kirkos], adv. and prep., designates either an entire encompassing or surrounding of an object, or a proximity only partially em. bracing or comprehending it, around, about, all around, peri, amphiI.Adv.A.Around, round about, all around, etc., perix:b.furcas circum offigito,
Cato, R. R. 48, 2; Varr. R. R. 3, 14, 1;Verg A 3, 230: quia (locus) vastis circum saltibus claudebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 25:molli circum est ansas amplexus acantho,
Verg. E. 3, 45:age tu interim Da cito ab Delphio Cantharum circum,
Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 33:quae circum essent opera tueri,
Caes. B. C 2, 10:interea Rutuli portis circum omnibus instant,
Verg. A. 10, 118 (i. e. circumcirca fusi:nam modo circum adverbium loci est, Serv.): omnem, quae nuno.umida circum Caligat, nu. bem eripiam,
id. ib. 2, 605; Tib. 1, 3, 77; 1, 5, 11. sed circum tutae sub moenibus urbis aquantur, round about under the walls, Verg. G 4, 193. faciundum haras quadratas circum binos pedes, all around, i. e. on every side, two feet, Varr. R. R. 3, 10, 3 Schneid.—Strengthened with undique (in later Latin also sometimes written as one word, circumundique), from everywhere around, around on all sides:B.circum Undique convenere,
Verg. A. 4, 416; Lucr. 3, 404:clausis circum undique portis,
Stat. S. 2, 5, 13; 5, 1, 155; id. Th. 2, 228:oppositu circumundique aliarum aedium,
Gell. 4, 5, 3; 13, 24, 1; 14, 2, 9;so with totus and omnis,
Varr. R. R. 3, 14, 1; Verg. A. 10, 118.—Of an incomplete circuit, esp. of the part that meets the view, lies on the hither side, etc. (v. under II.):II.hostilibus circum litoribus,
Tac. A. 2, 24:aestas... aperto circum pelago peramoena,
id. ib. 4, 67:gentibus innumeris circum infraque relictis,
Ov. M. 4, 668; Stat. Achill. 1, 56:corpus servans circumque supraque vertitur,
id. Th. 9, 114; Albin. Carm. ap. Maecen. 46.Prep. with acc.A.Around, abow (implying a complete circuit):B.armillas quattuor facito, quas circum orbem indas,
Cato, R. R. 21, 4:terra circum axem se summā celeritate convertit,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; Quint. 2, 17, 19 Zumpt N. cr.:ligato circum collum sudario,
Suet. Ner. 51:terque novas circum felix eat hostia fruges,
Verg. G. 1, 345:at genitor circum caput omne micantes Deposuit radios,
Ov. M. 2, 40.—As in adv. B., of an incomplete circuit, about, upon, around, near:C.capillus sparsus, promissus, circum caput Rejectus neglegenter,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 49:flexo circum cava tempora cornu,
Ov. M. 7, 313; 10, 116; 11, 159:tum Salii ad cantus incensa altaria circum adsunt,
Verg. A. 8, 285:varios hic flumina circum Fundit humus flores,
on the borders of the rivulets, id. E. 9, 40:urgeris turbā circum te stante,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 135; cf. id. C. 2, 16, 33:circum renidentes Lares,
id. Epod. 2, 66; Verg. G. 2, 484; cf. Luc. 2, 557:illi indignantes Circum claustra fremunt,
Verg. A. 1, 56:oras et litora circum errantem,
id. ib. 3, 75.—Circum very freq. expresses, not a relative motion around a given central point, but an absol. circular movement, in which several objects named form separate points of a periphery, in, into, among... around, to... around, etc.:D.te adloquor, Quae circum vicinos vages,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 14: ego Arpini volo esse pridie Cal., deinde circum villulas nostras errare, not round about our villas, but in our villas around, Cic. Att. 8, 9, 3; cf Hor. S. 1, 6, 58:tum Naevius pueros circum amicos dimittit,
to friends around, Cic. Quint. 6, 25; Suet. Ner. 47:cum praetorem circum omnia fora sectaretur,
Cic. Verr 2, 2, 70, § 169:Apronius ducebat eos circum civitates,
id. ib. 2, 3, 26, §65: ille circum hospites cursabat,
id. ib. 2, 4, 19, §41: lenonem quondam Lentuli concursare circum tabernas,
id. Cat. 4, 8, 17:dimissis circum municipia litteris,
Caes. B. C. 3, 22:circum oram maritimam misit, ut, etc.,
Liv. 29, 24, 9:legatio sub idem tempus in Asiam et circum insulas missa,
id. 42, 45, 1; Suet. Aug. 64; id. Caes. 41; id. Calig. 28; 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 281; id. Ep 1, 1, 49: et te circum omnes alias irata puellas Differet, to or among all the other maidens around, Prop. 1, 4, 21—With the prevailing idea of neighborhood, vicinity, in the environs of, in the vicinity of, at, near:E.circum haec loca commorabor,
Cic. Att. 3, 17, 2; Pompei ib. 8, 12, C, 1 exercitu in foro et in omnibus templis, quae circum forum sunt, conlocato, Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 10:urbes, quae circum Capuam sunt,
id. Agr. 1, 7, 20:cum tot essent circum hastam illam,
id. Phil. 2, 26, 64 Wernsd. N. cr.:non succurrit tibi, quamdiu circum Bactra haereas?
Curt. 7, 8, 21, Tac. A. 4, 74. —Of persons who surround one (as attendants, friends, etc.); in Gr.peri or amphi tina:► Circum is sometimes placed after its subst.paucae, quae circum illam essent,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 33; Cic. Att. 9, 9, 4:omnium flagitiorum atque facinorum circum se tamquam stipatorum catervas habebat,
Sall. C. 14, 1; cf. id. ib. 26, 4:Hectora circum,
Verg. A. 6, 166.—Circum pedes for ad pedes, of servants in attendance, is rare, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92;v ad, I. D. 3. b.—
, Varr. L. L. 5, § 31 Müll., Lucr 1, 937; 4, 220; 6, 427; Cic. N. D. 2, 41, 105; Verg. E. 8, 12; 8, 74; 9, 40; id. A. 1, 32; 2, 515; 2, 564; 3, 75: 6, 166; 6, 329; 9, 440; Tib. 1, 1, 23; 1, 5, 51; Stat. Th. 3, 395.—III.In composition the m remains unchanged before consonants; before vowels it was, acc. to Prisc. p. 567 P., and Cassiod. p. 2294 ib., written in like manner, but (except before j and v) not pronounced. Yet in the best MSS. we find the orthography circuitio, circuitus, and even circueo together with circumeo; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 736 sq. —Signif.,a.Acc. to II. A.: circumcido, circumcludo, circumculco, circumfluo, circumfodio, circumfundo, etc.—b.Acc. to II. B.: circumcolo, circumflecto, circumjaceo, circumicio.—c.Acc. to II. C.: circumcellio, circumcurso, circumduco, circumfero, circumforaneus.—In many compounds, circum has sometimes one and sometimes another signif., as in circumdo, circumeo, circumsisto, etc.; v. h. vv.—► With verbs compounded with circum, this preposition is never repeated before the following [p.336] object; e. g. circumcursare circum aliquid and similar phrases are not found. -
2 circum
circum [acc. of circus], adv. and praep. I. Adv, around, round about, all around: Arboribus clausi circum, V.: quae circum essent opera, Cs.: portis circum omnibus instant, V.: circum tutae sub moenibus urbis, round about under the walls, V.: Gentibus circumque infraque relictis, O.: circum Undique convenere, on all sides, V.— II. Praep. with acc. (sometimes following its case), around, about, all around: terra circum axem se convertit: novas circum felix eat hostia fruges, V.: circum caput Deposuit radios, O. — About, upon, around, near: capillus circum caput Reiectus, T.: flexo circum tempora cornu, O.: flumina circum, on the borders of the rivulets, V.: turbā circum te stante, H.: Circum claustra fremunt, V. — Among, around, through, to: circum villulas nostras errare, in our villas around: circum Me vectari rura caballo, H.: pueros circum amicos dimittit, to friends around: ducebat eos circum civitates: dimissis circum municipia litteris, Cs.: circum oram maritimam misit, ut, etc., L.: oras et litora circum Errans, V.—In the neighborhood of, around, about, at, near by: templa circum forum: urbes, quae circum Capuam sunt.—Of attendants, with, attending, accompanying: paucae, quae circum illam essent, T.: Hectora circum, V.: Circum pedes homines habere, i. e. slaves.— III. In composition, the m before vowels was not pronounced, and is often omitted; circum with many verbs forms a loose compound, and tmesis is frequent in poetry (see circumago, circumdo, etc.). Some edd. have circum verto, circum volito, etc.* * *Iabout, around; round about, near; in a circle; in attendance; on both sidesIIaround, about, among, near (space/time), in neighborhood of; in circle around -
3 crowd
1. IIcrowd somewhere people quickly crowd round when there is a street accident кегли происходит уличное происшествие, быстро собирается толпа2. III1) crowd smth. crowd a street (parks, a square, the courtyard of a palace, the stores, etc.) собираться толпой /толпиться/ на улице и т. д., заполнить улицу и т. д, crowd a building (a house, a church, a lecture hall, a bus, etc.) [битком] набиваться в здание и т. д., тесниться в здании и т. д., you mustn't crowd matters нельзя все дела решать сразу2) crowd smb. USA соll. crowd a debtor торопить /нажимать на/ должника (чтобы ом заплатил), crowd a competitor теснить /"зажимать"/ конкурента3. IVcrowd smb. somewhere I think we could manage to crowd a few more in думаю, мы могли бы втиснуть еще несколько человек4. XIbe crowded the streets were crowded на улицах было полно народа, улицы были запружены народом crowd the buses are crowded автобусы переполнены /набиты битком/; be crowded in some manner be crowded to excess быть переполненным; be crowded to [utmost] capacity быть набитым до отказа /до предела/; the room was crowded to suffocation в комнату набилось столько народу, что можно было задохнуться; we are crowded too closely together у нас тут слишком тесно /ужасная теснота/; be crowded somewhere we are too crowded here нам здесь слишком тесно; we are very crowded in the flat у нас в квартире очень тесно; the houses are crowded together дома стоят тесно прижатыми друг к другу; be crowded off /out of/ smth. he was crowded off the pavement толпа оттеснила его /заставила его сойти/ с тротуара; he was crowded out of his study его вытеснили из собственного кабинета; be crowded to smth. people were crowded to the doors люди набились до самых дверей; be crowded with /by/ smb. streets (shops, squares, halls, etc.) are crowded with people (with visitors, with foreigners. etc.) на улицах и т. д. полно народу и т. д., the exhibition was crowded by young people молодежь заполнила выставку; the house is crowded with guests дом полон гостей; be crowded with smth. the streets in the town are crowded with traffic улицы города забиты машинами /транспортом/, на улицах города большое движение; the place is crowded with hotels (with villas, with shops, etc.) гостиницы и т. д. [встречаются] здесь на каждом шагу; the room is crowded with furniture комната забита /заставлена/ мебелью; every page is crowded with facts (with mistakes in spelling and phrasing, etc.) на каждой странице полно /множество/ фактов и т. д, а century (a year) that was crowded with great events (with changes, etc.) век (год). очень богатый /изобилующий/ большими событиями и т.д., he was crowded with work он был завален работой5. XIIIcrowd to do smth. people were crowding to board the bus (to see what happened, etc.) народ толпился, пытаясь попасть /втиснуться/ в автобус и т. д.6. XVI1) crowd (a)round /about/ smb., smth. crowd (a)round the teacher (around a swimming-pool, around the platform, around the car, etc.) толпиться / тесниться, собираться/ вокруг учителя и т. д.; they all crowded around the covered wagon and gaped они все сгрудились вокруг фургона и стали глазеть; crowd around smb., smth. noisily (impatiently, indifferently, etc.) шумно и т. д. толпиться /тесниться/ вокруг кого-л., чего-л.; people crowded around smb., smth. curiously (enthusiastically, desperately, etc.) охваченные любопытством и т.д., люди толпились вокруг кого-л., чего-л.; they all crowded around her with congratulations они все обступили ее и стали поздравлять; the children crowded around the instructor to ask questions дети столпились вокруг инструктора, чтобы задать ему множество вопросов2) crowd against smth. crowd against the barrier (against the gate, etc.) напирать на барьер и т. д.; crowd through smth. crowd through the gate (through the barriers into the stadium, etc.) хлынуть в ворота и т. д.; crowd (up)on smth., smb. memories crowded (up)on his mind воспоминания нахлынули на него; sad thoughts crowded on him печальные мысли овладели им3) crowd into smth. crowd into a building (into a room, into a square, etc.) втаскиваться / набиваться/ в здание и т. д.7. XXI11) crowd smb. into (out of) smth. crowd the children into a room (three families into one small room, many people into a house, all the guests into the hall, etc.) втискивать детей в комнату и т. д.; crowd smb. out of the room вытеснять кого-л. из комнаты; crowd smth. into smth. crowd everything into the cupboard запихнуть все в шкаф; crowd a great many facts into a few lines (this long article into our limited number of pages, books into a box, etc.) втискивать массу фактов в несколько строк и т. д.; crowd all the sights into one day втиснуть в программу одного дня осмотр всех достопримечательностей; crowd smth. with smb., smth. crowd a house with people (a stadium with spectators, etc.) набивать дом людьми и т. д.; crowd a room with things (a house with furniture, etc.) загромождать комнату вещами и т. д.2) crowd smb. against smth. crowd smb. against the fence (against the wall, against the side of the building, etc.) прижимать /оттеснять/ кого-л. к забору и т. д.3) crowd smb. for smth. USA coll. crowd smb. for an answer (for the payment, etc.) торопить кого-л. /приставать к кому-л./ с ответом и т. д. -
4 giro
m turn( circolo) circle( percorso abituale) round( deviazione) detour( passeggiata a piedi) walk, strollin macchina drivein bicicletta ridedi pista lapdi motore rev(olution)( viaggio) tourgiro d'affari turnovergiro di capitali circulation of capitalgiro turistico della città city sightseeing tourfare il giro dei negozi go round the shopsnel giro di una settimana within a weeksenza tanti giri di parole without beating about the bush so muchgiro di prova test driveessere in giro ( da qualche parte) be around (somewhere)( fuori) be outmettere in giro spreadfig prendere in giro qualcuno pull someone's lega giro di posta by return of post* * *giro s.m.1 (rotazione) turn, turning: al primo giro di manovella, at the first turn of the handle; con un solo giro di chiave, with a single turn of the key; dai un mezzo giro a destra e tira verso di te, give a half turn clockwise and pull towards you; dagli un altro giro di corda, di nastro adesivo, go round again with the string, adhesive tape; fare un giro su se stessi, to swivel round; il giro della terra intorno al sole, the earth's revolution around the sun // (mar.): giro di boa, turning point; essere al giro di boa, (fig.) to be half way (o to have reached a turning point) // disco a 33, 45 giri, LP, single // dare un giro di vite, (fig.) to clamp down // prendere in giro qlcu., to make fun (o a fool) of s.o.2 (percorso circolare) round: ieri sera abbiamo fatto il giro delle birrerie, last night we did the rounds of the pubs; fare il giro dei clienti, to do the round (s) of one's customers (o to call on one's customers); il medico fa ogni mattina il giro delle visite, the doctor does his rounds every morning; il postino sta facendo il suo giro, the postman is doing his round (s); fare un giro di telefonate, to ring round; perdemmo la strada e facemmo un lungo giro, we lost our way and made a long detour; facciamo il giro dell'isolato e poi andiamo a casa, let's walk round the block and then go home; questa storiella farà il giro della città, this story will go round (o will make the rounds of) the town; la sua fama ha fatto il giro del mondo, he is world-famous // propongo un altro giro di whisky, shall we have another round of whisky? // un giro di parole, a roundabout expression (o a circumlocution) // facciamo un giro di walzer, let's have a waltz // ( sport): giro di pista, lap; giro d'onore, lap of honour // (aut.) giro di prova, test drive // il giro della morte, loop; fare il giro della morte, to loop the loop3 (cerchio) circle: il giro delle mura, the city walls; ho fatto un giro di mattoni intorno all'albero, I laid a circle of bricks around the tree // il giro dei fianchi, waist measure4 (gita, viaggio) trip, tour: il giro delle ville venete, the tour of the Venetian villas; giro turistico di Londra, sightseeing tour of London; questo weekend farò un giro in Francia, I'm going to take a trip to France this weekend; giro del mondo, world tour; fare il giro del mondo, to travel round the world; quest'estate mi faccio un giro in autostop, I'm going hitchhiking this summer // vai a farti un giro!, (vai fuori dai piedi) get lost!5 (passeggiata) short walk, stroll, turn; (in bicicletta, treno, aereo ecc.) ride; (in automobile) drive: andò a fare un giro nel parco, he went for a stroll (o walk) in the park; facciamo un giro in paese, let's take a walk in the village; mi fai fare un giro con la tua bicicletta?, can I have a ride on your bike?6 (circolazione) circulation: questi francobolli non si vedono più in giro, these stamps are no longer in circulation; mettere in giro, (monete, francobolli) to put into circulation; non lo vedo più in giro da un sacco di tempo, I haven't seen him around for a long time; hai visto se c'è in giro mia moglie?, have you seen my wife around?; non ho sonno, andiamo un po' in giro, I'm not sleepy, let's go out for a while; vorrei sapere chi va a dire in giro che mi sono sposato!, I'd like to know who's putting it around (o spreading the story) that I'm married! // cosa si dice in giro?, what's the news? // non lasciare in giro queste lettere, don't leave these letters lying around; mio figlio è disordinato, lascia tutto in giro, my son is untidy, he leaves everything lying around // (fin.): giro d'affari, turnover; giro di capitali, circulation of capital; giro di fondi, transfer of funds (o cash transfer) // ( banca): giro (di un conto bancario), turnover; cambiali in giro, outstanding bills // (comm.) a giro di posta, by return of post (o mail return)7 (cerchia, ambiente) circle; (racket) racket: stretto giro di amicizie, close circle of friends; essere nel giro del teatro, to move in theatrical circles; entrare nel giro della droga, to get mixed up in the drug-scene (o drug racket); ormai è fuori dal giro della droga, he's no longer part of the drug-scene (o of the drug racket); essere escluso dal giro, to be left out; è difficile capire per chi non è del giro, it's hard for an outsider to understand; è uno del giro, (della malavita) he's part of the mob; gestisce il giro delle auto rubate, he runs the stolen car racket8 (a carte) hand9 (mecc.) turn; (di albero a corpo rotante) revolution (abbr. rev.): fa 2000 giri al minuto, it does (o it turns at) 2000 revolutions per minute (abbr. r.p.m.) // essere su, giù di giri, (fig.) to be high-spirited, low-spirited10 (inform.) (di nastro) loop11 (periodo) period, time: nel giro di pochi giorni, in the course of a few days (o in a few days' time o within a few days).* * *['dʒiro]sostantivo maschile1) (rotazione) turn, rotation, spin; (di motore) revolutionchiudere qcs. a doppio giro — to double-lock sth.
un (disco) 33, 45 -i — a long-player o a long-playing record BE, a forty-five (record)
andare su di -i — [ motore] to rev (up); fig. [ persona] to have the hots
2) (viaggio)un giro per l'Italia — a tour o trip round Italy
un giro in montagna, al mare — a trip to the mountains, to the seaside
la notizia ha fatto il giro del paese — fig. the news spread through the village
3) (passeggiata) stroll, walk; (in macchina) drive; (in bicicletta) rideandare a fare un giro — to go for a walk; (in macchina) to go for a drive; (in bicicletta) to go for a ride
fare un giro in centro — to go into town BE o down town AE
4) (serie)fare un giro di opinioni — to sound out everybody, to go (a)round the table
5) (alle carte) hand6) (nei lavori a maglia) row7) (cerchia) (di amici) circlea stretto giro di posta — by return (of post), by return mail
9) in giro around, aboutlasciare qcs. in giro — to leave sth. lying about
prendere in giro qcn. — to make a fool o make fun of sb.
10) nel giro di•giro d'ispezione — tour of inspection, inspection tour
giro della morte — aer. loop
giro di prova — aut. test drive o run
••essere su di -i — [ persona] to be fired up o switched on o on a high
* * *giro/'dʒiro/sostantivo m.1 (rotazione) turn, rotation, spin; (di motore) revolution; dare un giro di chiave to turn the key; chiudere qcs. a doppio giro to double-lock sth.; con più -i di corda with the rope wound around a few times; un (disco) 33, 45 -i a long-player o a long-playing record BE, a forty-five (record); andare su di -i [ motore] to rev (up); fig. [ persona] to have the hots2 (viaggio) un giro per l'Italia a tour o trip round Italy; un giro in montagna, al mare a trip to the mountains, to the seaside; fare il giro del mondo to go around the world; fare il giro della Spagna to tour Spain; fai un giro alla mostra! go and have a look (a)round the exhibition! la notizia ha fatto il giro del paese fig. the news spread through the village3 (passeggiata) stroll, walk; (in macchina) drive; (in bicicletta) ride; andare a fare un giro to go for a walk; (in macchina) to go for a drive; (in bicicletta) to go for a ride; fare un giro in centro to go into town BE o down town AE4 (serie) fare un giro di opinioni to sound out everybody, to go (a)round the table; fare un giro di telefonate to ring around5 (alle carte) hand6 (nei lavori a maglia) row7 (cerchia) (di amici) circle; entrare nel giro della droga to get mixed up in the drug scene; sono fuori dal giro I'm out of the swing of things8 (nella corrispondenza) a stretto giro di posta by return (of post), by return mail9 in giro around, about; è qui in giro? is he around? non c'è nessuno in giro there's nobody about; lasciare qcs. in giro to leave sth. lying about; l'ho portato in giro per tutti i musei I showed him around all the museums; andare in giro per negozi to roam round the shops; prendere in giro qcn. to make a fool o make fun of sb.; c'è in giro una voce there's a rumour going around10 nel giro di nel giro di un'ora within an hour; nel giro di pochi minuti in the space of a few minutes\giro d'affari turnover; giro di boa turning point; giro d'ispezione tour of inspection, inspection tour; giro della morte aer. loop; giro di parole roundabout expression; fare dei -i di parole to beat about the bush; giro di pista lap; fare un giro di pista to (run a) lap; giro di prova aut. test drive o run; giro vita → girovita; giro di vite turn of the screw.
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theatre — /thee euh teuhr, theeeu /, n. theater. * * * I Building or space in which performances are given before an audience. It contains an auditorium and stage. In ancient Greece, where Western theatre began (5th century BC), theatres were constructed… … Universalium